Software Testing Basics for beginners

Software testing can be stated as the process of verifying and validating that a software or application is bug-free, meets the technical requirements, how its design and development, and meets the user requirements effectively and efficiently with the handling of all exception cases and edge cases. The process of software testing not only aims to find errors in the existing software, but also to find measures for the improvement of the software in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and usability. It mainly aims to measure the specification, functionality and performance of a software program or application. Software Tests can be divided into two steps:



Software testing can be stated as the process of verifying and validating that a software or application is bug-free, meets the technical requirements, how its design and development, and meets the user requirements effectively and efficiently with the handling of all exception cases and edge cases.
The process of software testing not only aims to find errors in the existing software, but also to find measures for the improvement of the software in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and usability. It mainly aims to measure the specification, functionality and performance of a software program or application.
Software Tests can be divided into two steps:
1. Verification: it refers to the tasks that ensure that software correctly implements a specific function.
2. Validation: it refers to another set of tasks that ensure that the software that was built is traceable to customer requirements.
Verification: "do we build the product right?"
Validation: "do we build the right product?"

What are different types of software testing?
Software Tests can be roughly divided into two types:
1. Manual Testing: Manual testing includes manual testing of a software, i.e., without automated tool or script. In this type, the tester assumes the role of an end user and tests the software to identify unexpected behavior or errors. There are different levels for manual Tests such as unit Tests, integration tests, system tests and User Acceptance Tests.
Testers use test plans, test cases, or test scenarios to test software to ensure that the Tests are complete. Manual testing also includes exploratory testing as testers explore the software to identify errors in it.
2. Automation testing: automation testing, also known as test automation, is when the tester writes scripts and uses another software to test the product. This process involves the automation of a manual process. Automation tests are used to rerun the test scenarios that were performed manually, quickly, and repeatedly.
In addition to regression tests, automation tests is used to test the application from load, performance and stress point of view. It increases test coverage, improves accuracy, and saves time and money compared to manual Tests.

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What are different techniques of software testing?
Software techniques can be divided into two main categories:
1. Black Box Testing: the technique of testing where the tester does not have access to the source code of the software and is performed at the software interface without affecting the internal logical structure of the software is called black box testing.
2. White-Box Testing: the technique of testing in which the tester of the internal workings of the product, have access to its source code, and will ensure that all internal operations are performed according to the specifications known as white box testing.

What are different levels of software testing?
Software level testing can be majorly classified into 4 levels:
1. Unit Testing: a level of the software testing process where individual units/components of a software/system are tested. The purpose is to verify that each unit of the software performs as designed.
2. What do you mean? Integration test: a level of the software test process in which individual units are combined and tested as a group. The purpose of this Test level is to detect errors in the interaction between integrated units.
3. System test: a level of the software test process in which a complete integrated system/software is tested. The purpose of this test is to assess the conformity of the system with the specified requirements.
4. Acceptance test: a level of the software testing process in which a system is tested for acceptance. The purpose of this test is to assess the system's compliance with business requirements and to assess whether it is acceptable for delivery.

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